Table of Contents
Home Ministry declares six Bihar districts Naxal-free
- Naxalism derives its name from the village Naxalbari of West Bengal.
- It originated as rebellion against local landlords who bashed a peasant over a land dispute. The rebellion was initiated in 1967, with an objective of rightful redistribution of the land to working peasants under the leadership of Kanu Sanyal and Jagan Santhal.
- Started in West Bengal, the movement has spread across the Eastern India; in less developed areas of states such as Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Andhra Pradesh.
- It is considered that Naxals support Maoist political sentiments and ideology.
- Maoism is a form of communism developed by Mao Tse Tung. It is a doctrine to capture State power through a combination of armed insurgency, mass mobilization and strategic alliances.
Left-wing extremism
- Tribal discontent
- Massive displacement of tribal population
- Gaps in the socio-economic system of the country
- Confusion over tackling naxalism as a social issue or as a security threat.
Red corridor
- The red corridor is the region in the eastern, central and the southern parts of India that experience considerable Naxalite–Maoist insurgency
- All forms of Naxalite organisations have been declared as terrorist organizations under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act of India (1967).
- As of present, 90 districts across 11 states are affected by extremism.
- The Ministry of Home Affairs has declared six out of 16 Naxal-affected districts in Bihar as Naxal-free, thus reducing the activities of the outlawed CPI (Maoist) in the state to only 10 districts.
- According to this new classification, Muzaffarpur, Vaishali, Jehanabad, Nalanda, Arwal and East Champaran have been cleared from the list of Naxal-affected districts. In the absence of any Naxal bases, security-related expenses in these districts will no longer be spent on the prevention of Naxal activities.
- With the exclusion of these districts, only 10 districts of Bihar, namely Rohtas, Kaimur, Gaya, Nawada, Jamui, Lakhisarai, Aurangabad, Banka, Munger and West Champaran are currently in the category of Naxal-affected districts of the country.
- Of these, Aurangabad district has been flagged as a ‘district of concern’.
solutions
- Government needs innovative solutions for locating armed groups in the thick forests of the naxalism-affected regions.
- Local Police knows the language and topography of a region; it can fight naxalism better than the armed forces.
- Andhra Police rose ‘Greyhounds’; special forces to deal with naxalism in the state.
- C-60 commandos are a dedicated and specialised anti-Naxal unit of the police forces of Maharastra
- Operation Green Hunt:
- to describe the “all-out offensive” by government of India’s paramilitary forces and the state’s forces against the Naxalites
- started in 2010 and massive deployment of security forces was done in the naxal-affected areas. From 223 districts that were affected due to naxalism in the year 2010, the number has come down to 90 in nine years.
- Operation ‘SAMADHAN’ is the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA)’s initiative to deal the Naxal problem.
- The acronym SAMADHAN stands for Smart leadership, Aggressive strategy, Motivation and training, Actionable intelligence, Dashboard Based KPIs (key performance indicators) and KRAs (key result areas), Harnessing technology, Action plan for each theater, and No access to financing.
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