Table of Contents
WHAT WE WILL STUDY?
- EARLIEST DAYS
- WIFE,MOTHER AND A POLITICAL LEADER
- DIFFERENT PHASES IN INDIA
- EMERGENCY
CHILDHOOD
- Indira Gandhi was born as Indira Nehru in a Kashmiri Pandit family on 19 November 1917 in Allahabad.she was very energetic since from his childhood and loved by everyone.
- He supported the national cause from very early age.However she kept under strict supervision.She was also very much inspired with her mother.
- He actively took part in the Non-Cooperation movement and formed Vanar sena .She started travelling the whole world.
- She became independent from childhood.She was away from his father and use to ask lot of questions.Then Javahar Lal Nehru started writing precious letters to daughter teaching about the world commonly known as “GLIMPSES OF WORLD HISTORY”.
- Education in the school was not appropriate and was taught human service by her father.She served everyone who in need.
ADOLESCENCE
- Her mother Kamla Nehru passed away on 23 feb-1936.She joined Oxford university afterwards and one reason was that her love interest “Feroze Gandhi” was there which later became her husband.
- She started taking interest in international politics and travelled whole world.
- When she came back to India in 1941,there was no warm welcome due to political scenario.There were mass arrests in the country and the atmosphere was not very good.However she handled it very carefully.
- Quit India movement was launched and she also got married just before it on 26 march 1942.
WIFE MOTHER AND POLITICAL LEADER
- She became active leader of congress party and started working under Lal Bahadur Shastri.She was also arrested several times for being a part of movement.
- Sanjay Gandhi(1946) and Rajiv Gandhi(1944) were also born during this time.Due to his busy time she could not able to fully devote to her children but still was with them always.
- Meanwhile in 1947,riots were also broke out.She provided full support to the masses and helped them to restore peace.
- Death of Mahatma Gandhi had a very deep impact on her.
LEADER OF THE CONGRESS PARTY
- Indira Gandhi was also an environmentalist.He had no. of pets and also had bear and tigers.
- In 1959 she was elected president of Indian National Congress.He worked really hard as a leader but still opposed by many.
- Internal conflicts and political unstability were there.She was impressed by Dalai Lama and opposed Chinese stand.After Indo-china war(1962) war many criticised Nehru which disappointed her.
- After the death of Nehru on 27 may 1964,Lal Bahadur Shastri became the PM and Indira Gandhi became Information and broadcasting minister.
LEADER OF THE COUNTRY
- India signed the Tashkent agreement on 10th january 1966 ending the INDO-PAK WAR(1965).Immediately after that Shastriji died due to heart attack.
- She was worried at the thought of Morarji Desai becoming PM of the country.Despite that on 24 january 1966 she sworn as a Prime Minister of our country.
- She thought of developing India in all aspects.She emphasized on the agricultural sector,energy sector,science,industrial and specially culture and north east region.
- Path was not easy as she was the target of her own party.But she focussed on the important problems rather than the political.
SECOND PHASE AS A LEADER
- Indian currency was devaluated and there was huge problems but leaders were interested in politics.
- International aid were also not there.Indira Gandhi started touring the world to make our economy more vulnerable.In these circumstances elections were held in 1967 and won by Indira Gandhi.
- Indira Gandhi was asked to quit the government and split happened in congress in 1969 on the presidential election.
- The war of 1971 proved the turning point.The surrender of Pakistani army really made her the “iron lady of India”.
EMERGENCY AND INDIA OF HER DREAMS
- She considered emergency(1975) was necessary.Had it not there then the country would have been in ruins.She strongly believed in democracy.
- She wanted to eradicate poverty Garibi Hatao (Eradicate Poverty) was the theme for Gandhi’s 1971 and make india more liberal economy for globalization.She beilieved in the oneness of all beings.
- She wanted that the women should be treated equal and considered women the ultimate power.She believed that the women power is negligent but it formed the base of our country.
- On 31 October 1984, two of Gandhi’s bodyguards, Satwant Singh and Beant Singh, shot her with their service weapons in the garden of the Prime Minister’s residence at 1 Safdarjung Road, New Delhi.
AWARDS AND HONOURS
- After leading India to victory against Pakistan in the Bangladesh liberation war in 1971, Prime Minister (Mrs. Indira Gandhi) recommended & President V. V. Giri awarded Mrs. Gandhi India’s highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna.
- In 2011, the Bangladesh Freedom Honour (Bangladesh Swadhinata Sammanona), Bangladesh’s highest civilian award, was posthumously conferred on Indira Gandhi for her “outstanding contributions” to Bangladesh’s Liberation War.
- The two extreme points of India: the northernmost Indira Col and the southernmost Indira Pointare also named after Indira Gandhi. The Indira Awaas Yojana, a central government low-cost housing programme for the rural poor, was named after her.
- Indira Gandhi International Airport,Indira Gandhi National Open University the largest university in the world, is also named after her.
Download Free PDF Burning Issues
WhatsApp