MCQ 1
Consider the following statements regarding the Citizen’s Charter:
- It is a document which represents the commitment of the Organisation towards its Citizens.
- It is legally enforceable.
- Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances provides guidelines for implementation of the Charters.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
- Statement 1 correct: Citizen’s Charter is a document which represents a systematic effort to focus on the commitment of the Organisation towards its Citizens in respects of – Standard of Services, – Information, – Choice and Consultation, – Non-discrimination and Accessibility, – Grievance Redress, – Courtesy and Value for Money.
- Statement 2 is not correct: The Citizen’s Charter is not legally enforceable and, therefore, is non justiciable. However, it is a tool for facilitating the delivery of services to citizens with specified standards, quality and time frame etc. with commitments from the Organisation and its clients.
- Statement 3 correct: Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances in Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, Government of India, in its efforts to provide more responsive and citizen-friendly governance, coordinates the efforts to formulate and operationalize Citizens Charters in Central Government, State Governments and UT Administrations. It provides guidelines for formulation and implementation of the Charters as well as their evaluation.
- What are the components of a Citizen’s Charter?
- A good Citizen’s Charter should have the following components :-
- (i) Vision and Mission Statement of the Organisation
- (ii) Details of Business transacted by the Organisation
- (iii) Details of ‘Citizens’ or ‘Clients’
- (iv) Statement of services including standards, quality, time frame etc. provided to each Citizen/ Client group separately and how/ where to get the services
- (v) Details of Grievance Redress Mechanism and how to access it
- (vi) Expectations from the ‘Citizens’ or ‘Clients’
- (vii) Additional commitments such as compensation in the event of failure of service delivery.
MCQ 2
- The river flows through the village of Kavadi in the Solapur district
- the city of Pune is on the banks
- River ultimately meets bhima river
Name the river
(A) Mahim
(B) Musi
(C) Mula mutha
(D) Malprabha
- Terming the Mula-Mutha river cleaning project as a “gift from the Centre” to , Union Minister for Environment Prakash Javadekar on Sunday said about 70% of the first package of the project has been completed.
- “The construction of branch sewers in Baner, which forms part of the first package, has been completed and I will be reviewing it soon. Pune’s dream of seeing their beloved river pollution-free is going to be realised soon as the project has now been fast-tracked,” Mr. Javadekar said, speaking to reporters after reviewing the progress of the ambitious ₹990- crore project for pollution abatement in the Mula-Mutha river.
- He said the foundation stone for four more packages, involving the construction of sewage treatment plants, would be laid within the next two months, and final clearance for these will be obtained in a few days.
- Mr. Javadekar said the river cleaning project was a joint operation of the Union government and the Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) under the National River Conservation Plan and not a project of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) as is believed. “JICA is only the bank which is providing the finances,” the minister said, noting that the loan given by JICA would be repaid by the Central government and not by the State or the PMC.
- “Hence, I say that this project is a gift given by Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government to Pune’s citizens. All agencies concerned with the project have met and decided to give timelines for its projected completion. I will conduct a monthly follow-up of the project activities,” Mr. Javadekar said.
- He said the project had been hanging fire for a decade — from 2004 to 2014 — and it was cleared only when he took over as Environment Minister in 2014. by the only when he took over as Environment Minister in 2014.
- The Mula-Mutha river, formed by theMula and Mutha rivers coming together, courses through the city and is an integral component of its heritage. Sections of the river are among the 351 most critically polluted stretches identified by the Central Pollution Control Board, earning it the ignominy of being one of India’s most polluted rivers.
- Untreated sewage and industrial effluents have brought the Mula-Mutha to the brink an ecological nightmare.
- A loan agreement was signed between the Centre and JICA in January 2016 to clean the river under the National River Conservation Plan. The government of Japan has committed to provide a soft loan of JPY 19.064 billion (around ₹990 crore) to the Centre at an interest rate of 0.3% per annum. The project cost is to be shared between the Centre and the PMC, which is the implementing agency, in the ratio of 85:15 respectively.
- The loan is to be repaid by the Centre over a 40-year period. The project is scheduled to be completed by January 2022.
MCQ 3
- Polyethylene terephthalate, commonly abbreviated PET is the most common thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family and is used in fibres for clothing, containers for liquids and foods, thermoforming for manufacturing, and in combination with glass fibre for engineering resins.
- It can not be degraded naturally
Choose correct
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Both
(D) None
- Polyethylene terephthalate (sometimes written poly(ethylene terephthalate)), commonly abbreviated PET, PETE, or the obsolete PETP or PET-P, is the most common thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family and is used in fibres for clothing, containers for liquids and foods, thermoforming for manufacturing, and in combination with glass fibre for engineering resins.
- It may also be referred to by the brand names Terylene in the UK, Lavsan in Russia and the former Soviet Union, and Dacron in the US.
- The majority of the world’s PET production is for synthetic fibres (in excess of 60%), with bottle production accounting for about 30% of global demand.
- In the context of textile applications, PET is referred to by its common name, polyester, whereas the acronym PET is generally used in relation to packaging. Polyester makes up about 18% of world polymer production and is the fourth-most-produced polymer after polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
- PET consists of polymerized units of the monomer ethylene terephthalate, with repeating (C10H8O4 ) units. PET is commonly recycled, and has the number “1” as its resin identification code (RIC).
- Polyethylene terephthalate is produced from ethylene glycol and dimethyl terephthalate(DMT) (C6H4 (CO2CH3 )2 ) or terephthalic acid. [16]
- The former is a transesterification reaction, whereas the latter is an esterification reaction.
- Biodegradation
- At least one species of bacterium in the genus Nocardia can degrade PET with an esterase enzyme.
- Japanese scientists have isolated a bacterium Ideonella sakaiensis that possesses two enzymes which can break down the PET into smaller pieces that the bacterium can digest. A colony of I. sakaiensis can disintegrate a plastic film in about six weeks
MCQ 4
- Chandrayaan-2, the country’s first moon lander and rover mission
- The lander is named Vikram (meaning valour, after the father of the Indian space programme, Vikram Sarabhai). It will release a small robotic rover, named Pragyan (wisdom), to move around, feel and understand the lunar surface.
- Weighing about 1,500 kg, Chandrayaan-2 will be launched on the heavylift GSLV-Mk III rocket
Choose correct
(A) 1 & 2
(B) 2 & 3
(C) 1 & 3
(D) All
MCQ 5
- Golden langur is naturally found in Nilgiri biosphere reserve
- It critically endangered in IUCN list
- It is a carnivorous animal
Choose correct
(A) 1 & 2
(B) 2 & 3
(C) All
(D) None
- Gee’s golden langur (Trachypithecus geei), or simply the golden langur, is an Old World monkey found in a small region of western Assam, India and in the neighboring foothills of the Black Mountains of Bhutan.
- It is one of the most endangered primate species of India.
- Long considered sacred by many Himalayan people, the golden langur was first brought to the attention of the western world by the naturalist E. P. Gee in the 1950s
- During the rainy season it obtains water from dew and rain drenched leaves. Its diet is herbivorous, consisting of ripe and unripe fruits, mature and young leaves, seeds, buds and flowers.
- They are listed in Appendix I of CITES and Schedule I of Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 (Indian law). Gee’s golden langur is currently endangered with the current population trend as decreasing; its total Indian population is 1500 individuals. Bhutan has 4000 individuals.
- 93% of the population is found in contiguous forest, while the remaining 7% is found in several small isolated reserves. The population has declined by more than 30% in the last 30 years, and is expected to decline further in the near future. The scattering of golden langurs in small groups is not a good sign. The primate needs to be concentrated in viable areas.
MCQ 6
- U.P.’s Chaukhandi Stupa is a site from 4th century BC
- It is recently declared as UNESCO World Heritage Site
Choose correct
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Both
(D) None
- Chaukhandi Stupa is a Buddhist stupa in Sarnath, located 8 kilometres from Cantt Railway Station Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. Stupas have evolved from burial mounds and serve as a shrine for a relic of the Buddha.
- The site was declared to be a monument of national importance by the Archaeological Survey of India in June 2019
- The Chaukhandi Stupa is thought originally to have been built as a terraced temple during the Gupta period between the 4th and 6th centuries to mark the site where Lord Buddha and his first disciples met traveling from Bodh Gaya to Sarnath. Later Govardhan, the son of a Raja, modified the stupa to its present shape by building the octagonal tower to commemorate the visit of Humayun, the powerful Mughal ruler.
- Today the stupa is a high earthen mound covered with a brickwork edifice topped by an octagonal tower. It is maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India.
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