Daily Current Affairs MCQ / UPSC / IAS / 28-09-19

Table of Contents

MCQ 1

Project 17A is for developing submarines
INS Nilgiri is the first ship of Project 17A

Choose correct

(A) Only 1

(B)Only 2

(D) None

the launch of INS ‘Nilgiri’, the first of the Navy’s seven new stealth frigates, at Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited in Mumbai. He said, 70% of India’s trade by value and 95% by volume is taking place through the sea route and even a slight disruption of seaborne trade due to piracy, terrorism or conflict, could have serious repercussions on the economic growth and well-being of the nation.
INS Nilgiri is the first ship of Project17A
Project 17A frigates is a design derivative of the Shivalik class stealth frigates with much more advanced stealth features and indigenous weapons and sensors. These frigates are being built using integrated construction methodology.
The P17A frigates incorporate new design concepts for improved survivability, sea keeping, stealth and ship manoeuvrability.
Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh also commissioned the largest dry dock of Indian Navy – The Aircraft Carrier Dock at the Naval Dockyard in Mumbai. He termed it as an “edifice of modern India”.

MCQ 2

INS Khanderi is the second of Kalvari Class diesel electric attack and is the second submarine of the Project-75I
It is Built indigenously by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited

Choose correct

(A) Only 1

(B) Only 2

(D) None

Shri Rajnath Singh said the nation can never forget the exceptional role it played in 1971 war when Operation Trident and Operation Python broke the backbone of Pakistan Navy. He said Pakistan should understand that today with the Government’s strong resolve and advancement in naval capacity with additions like INS Khanderi, India is capable of giving a much bigger blow to it.
Describing INS Khanderi as a ‘potent combatant’, Shri Rajnath Singh congratulated the Navy and the Western Naval Command on its induction and for achieving very high levels of operational preparedness prior its commissioning. He said it is a matter of great pride that India is one of the few countries capable of constructing their own Submarine.
Raksha Mantri said construction of submarines not only benefits the industry, but also helps evolve a positive culture of stringent quality control and complex engineering. “It brings plough-back benefits for the economy of the nation at large with significant contributions towards ‘Make in India’”, he added.
Shri Rajnath Singh termed the commissioning of INS Khanderi as yet another significant and historic step in showcasing the will and intent of the Government.
“The name Khanderi is inspired by the dreaded ‘Sword Tooth Fish’ a deadly fish known to hunt whilst swimming close to the bottom of the ocean. Khanderi is also name of an island fort built by great Maratha ruler Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. He was man of great valour, courage and determination. He was one of the first Indian ruler in medieval era to recognise importance of strong Navy. Commissioning of INS Khanderi will bring same valour and sharpness back on sea.”, Shri Rajnath Singh said.
INS Khanderi is the second of Kalvari Class diesel electric attack submarines of the Indian Navy. It has been built in India to the French Scorpene design and is the second submarine of the Project-75. Built indigenously by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited, INS Khanderi is a lethal addition to Navy’s conventional submarine arsenal and is designed for silent and stealthy sub-surface operations.
INS Khanderi is the follow-on to INS Kalvari, which was the first of the French origin Scorpene class submarines being indigenously constructed in India and commissioned by the Prime Minister in 2017.
First put out to sea in 2017, INS Khanderi has undergone comprehensive sea trials, torpedo and missile firings to validate her fighting capability. She was handed over to the Indian Navy on completion of trials on September 19, 2019. At 67.5 meters long and 12.3 meters high, Khanderi embodies cutting edge technologies that ensure stealthy, silent operations underwater and is equipped with an array of torpedoes, missiles and sensors that enable her to detect, identify and destroy enemy targets.
The first submarine was commissioned into the Indian Navy on December 6, 1968 and was decommissioned on October 18, 1989 after 20 years of service to the nation.

MCQ 3

Aadi Mahotsav (Tribal Festival) is organized by ministry of culture
It’s a showcase of tribal handicrafts exclusively

Choose correct

(A) Only 1

(B) Only 2

(D)None

Aadi Mahotsav (Tribal Festival) organized by Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India (TRIFED), Ministry of Tribal Affairs went off to a colourful start this evening at Expo Centre Sector-62, Noida (UP). Smt. Renuka Singh, Minister of State for Tribal Affairs inaugurated the festival. Shri Deepak Khandekar, Secretary, Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Shri Ramesh Chand Meena, Chairman TRIFED and many dignitaries were present on the occasion. The festival will continue from 11 am to 8.30 pm, daily till 8th October, 2019.
TRIFED is doing an excellent job by holding such purposeful programmes across the country for connecting people and integrating India and for offering tribal artisans a platform to showcase their artistic creations to a bigger and wider market.
Sh. Ramesh Chand Meena elaborately explained that apart from handicrafts, the tribes gather from the forests a range of forest produces which include various tree-borne products like flowers, fruits, seeds, barks and leaves and various insect produces like honey. All these are hundred percent organic products.
Knowing that organic food products command a premium price, TRIFED plans to tap this premium niche market. Thus, ensuring that the benefit of higher prices accrues to the tribals.
Acclaimed artists and artisans, drawn from as many as 20 states of the country, including Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh (MP), Odisha, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, West Bengal and North-Eastern states are a part of this mega cultural razzmatazz and showcase their traditional art, craft and culture. The traditional tribal jewellery, rare of the rarest craft items and artefacts will be a huge attraction for the inquisitive buyers.
TRIFED is engaged, heart and soul, in ameliorating the lot of small and marginal artists and artisans by inviting them to such mega cultural event and offering them space and genuine price of their product from the buyers. This also helps them to get rid of the middlemen usurping their profits. For the first time, tribal merchandize payments will be accepted through credit and debit cards in line with the national aspiration to go cashless.
TRIFED is promoting all their tribal products on ONLINE platform too which is Amazon, Flipkart, Snapdeal, Paytm & GeM in a very aggressive way.

MCQ 4

Industry 4.0 is related with

AI
IoT
ML
3D printing

Choose correct

(A) 1 & 3

(B) 4 only

(D) All

Industry 4.0 is the subset of the fourth industrial revolution that concerns industry. The fourth industrial revolution encompasses areas which are not normally classified as industry, such as smart cities for instance.
Although the terms “industry 4.0” and “fourth industrial revolution” are often used interchangeably, “industry 4.0” refers to the concept of factories in which machines are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors, connected to a system that can visualize the entire production line and make decisions on its own.
In essence, industry 4.0 describes the trend towards automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies and processes which include cyber-physical systems (CPS), the internet of things (IoT), industrial internet of things (IIOT), cloud computing cognitive computing and artificial intelligence.
The concept includes:
Smart manufacturing
Smart factory
Lights out (manufacturing) also known as dark factories
Industrial internet of things also called internet of things for manufacturing
Industry 4.0 fosters what has been called a “smart factory”. Within modular structured smart factories, cyber-physical systems monitor physical processes, create a virtual copy of the physical world and make decentralized decisions. Over the Internet of Things, cyber-physical systems communicate and cooperate with each other and with humans in real-time both internally and across organizational services offered and used by participants of the value chain

MCQ 5

Cyberdome is a facility dedicated to Catching financial frauds in Banking
It is the initiative by Delhi Police

Choose correct

(A) Only 1

(B) Only 2

(D) None

Cyberdome

It is Kerala State police department’s premier facility dedicated to prevent cybercrime and mitigate security threats to the State’s critical information infrastructure.
It is the state-of-the art lab with enabling software to crackdown the criminal activities over the Darknet.
Darknet is a layer of the Internet accessible only by using special software like Tor (The Onion Router), or I2P, which stands for Invisible Internet Project.
Websites and information on the Darknet are intentionally hidden and cannot be accessed using traditional search engines like Google.
Its impermeability become a major platform for drug dealers, arms traffickers, child pornography collectors and other criminals involved in financial and physical crimes.
In order to handle these type of crimes, cyber-surveillance tools to detect and convict those responsible for industrial espionage.
Cyberdome has used social engineering as the lynchpin of its policing strategy to snoop on radical groups that use the net for extremist activities.

MCQ 6

The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize was established by ISRO
It was first awarded in 1958 and annually it is given in mathematics & physics fields only

Choose correct

(A) Only 1

(B) Only 2

(D) None

The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology (SSB) is a science award in India given annually by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for notable and outstanding research, applied or fundamental, in biology, chemistry, environmental science, engineering, mathematics, medicine and Physics. The prize recognizes outstanding Indian work (according to the view of CSIR awarding committee) in science and technology. It is the most coveted award in multidisciplinary science in India.[1][2] The award is named after the founder Director of the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar. It was first awarded in 1958.
Any citizen of India engaged in research in any field of science and technology up to the age of 45 years is eligible for the prize. The prize is awarded on the basis of contributions made through work done in India only during the five years preceding the year of the prize. The prize comprises a citation, a plaque, and a cash award of ₹5 lakh (US$7,200). In addition, recipients also receive Rs. 15,000 per month up to the age of 65 years.

CSIR

It was established in 1942 as an autonomous body, though mainly funded by Ministry of Science and Technology.
It is registered under Societies Registration Act, 1860.
Prime Minister is the ex-officio president and Minister of Science and Technology is the ex-officio vice president of CSIR.
It runs 38 laboratories/institutes, 39 outreach centers, 3 Innovation Centers and 5 units throughout the nation.
CSIR Achievements – It developed India’s synthetic drug – Methaqualone in 1950.
It completed the complete sequencing of the Human Genome.
It established first ever in the world ‘Traditional Knowledge Digital Library’ accessible in 5 international languages – English, German, French, Japanese and Spanish.
The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize was established by CSIR in 1958, named after its founder.
The research categories – Biological Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Earth Sciences, Atmosphere, Ocean and Planetary, Engineering, Mathematical Sciences, Medical Sciences & Physical Sciences are eligible for the prize.

MCQ 7

Forest-PLUS 2.0 is a program by UNCCD
It is a 5-year programme that focuses on developing tools & techniques to bolster ecosystem management and harness ecosystem services in forest landscape management.

Choose correct

(A) Only 1

(B) Only 2

(D) None

Forest-PLUS 2.0

Union Environment Ministry and US Agency for International Development (USAID) has launched Forest-PLUS 2.0.
It is a 5-year programme that focuses on developing tools & techniques to bolster ecosystem management and harness ecosystem services in forest landscape management.
It is a set of pilot projects meant to enhance sustainable forest landscape management.
Previously, Forest-PLUS was completed in 2017. Forest-PLUS 2.0 was initiated in December 2018.
Achievements of Forest-PLUS –
Promotion of bio-briquettes in Sikkim,
Introduction of solar heating systems in Rampur and
Development of an agro-forestry model in Hoshangabad
Forest-PLUS 2.0 – It comprises pilot project in 3 landscapes – Gaya in Bihar, Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala and Medak in Telangana.
These sites were chosen for the contrast in their landscapes – Bihar (Forest deficit area), Telangana (Relatively drier area) and Kerala (Rich in Biodiversity).
3 Focal points of action under the programme are,
Developing tools for multiple services in forests management
Instruments for leveraging finance & mobilizing investment from the private sector
Economic opportunities for forest-dependent people.

MCQ 8

NIKSHAY is a web enabled application which talks about Tb & HIV datas
It is developed under Ayushman Bharat yojana

Choose correct

(A) Only 1

(B) Only 2

(D) None

NIKSHAY

It is a web enabled application, which facilitates monitoring of universal access to TB patient’s data by all concerned stakeholders.
It has been developed jointly by the Central TB Division of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and National Informatics Centre (NIC).
Two objectives –
To create database of all TB patients including Multi-Drug Resistant cases across the country,
To use this database for monitoring and research purposes at all levels so that TB can be eradicated from India in an effective manner.
The government launched the Nikshay Poshan Yojana, a direct benefit transfer scheme, to provide nutritional support to TB patients.
Under the scheme, TB patients receive Rs. 500 per month for the entire duration of treatment.
According to the recent Tuberculosis India Report 2019 released by the Govt of India, the estimated TB incidence in India stands at 27 lakh.
Report Highlights – TB burden in India is highest in Uttar Pradesh, followed by Maharashtra and Rajasthan, Gujarat and MP.
The number of HIV-infected people who go on to develop Tuberculosis (TB) is increasing in India.
TB is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among People Living with HIV (PLHIV).
In 2018, the Revised National Tuberculosis Programme (RNTBP) was able to achieve notification by 21.5 lakh persons, which is an increase of 16% as compared to 2017.

MCQ 9

LRRK2 was recently on science news portals, it is a

Gene
Hormone
Kinase enzyme
Asteroid

LRRK2

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a kinase enzyme that protects the body against viral and bacterial infections by triggering inflammation like swelling, redness, heat and pain.
According to a recent study, this enhanced inflammation can lead to collateral damage to the body.
Inflammation caused by mutation in a gene can raise the risk of Parkinson’s and Crohn’s diseases as well as leprosy.
Leprosy caused by infections characterized by lesions in the nerve endings of the skin.
LRRK2, which causes excessive inflammation to defend body against a type of mycobacterium infects peripheral nerves, is thought to be behind leprosy.
The findings are also important for ongoing clinical trials of Parkinson’s drugs that can reduce excessive LRRK2 activity.
However, total absence of LRRK2 function can make people more prone to infections.