India Set To Enter The UN Security Council – Free PDF

• UN is an international organization founded in 1945.
• It is currently made up of 193 Member States. 
• The mission and work of the United Nations are guided by the purposes and principles contained in its founding Charter.
• 2020 marks the 75th anniversary of the United Nations.
• Main organs of the UN are-

1. General Assembly
2. Security Council
3. Economic and Social Council
4. Trusteeship Council
5. International Court of Justice
6. Secretariat

Security Council

• The UN Charter establishes the membership of the Security Council.
• According to the UN Charter, Article 23,
• “The Security Council shall consist of fifteen Members of the United Nations”.
• 5 permanent members with veto power:
  1. China
  2. France
  3. Russian Federation
  4. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  5. United States of America
• 10 non-permanent members, five of which are elected each year by the General Assembly for a two-year term.
• Originally, there were 11 members of the Security Council:
• 5 permanent and 6 non-permanent members.
• In 1963, the General Assembly recommended an amendment to the Charter to increase the membership of the Security Council.

1. 5 from African and Asian States
2. 1 from Eastern European States
3. 2 from Latin American States
4. 2 from Western European and other States

• India is set to enter the UN Security Council as a non-permanent member today for a two-year term (January 2021 to December 2022).
• Victory in today’s election is assured because India is running unopposed for the Asia-Pacific seat.
• New Delhi’s candidature was unanimously endorsed in June last year by the 55 members of the Asia-Pacific grouping, including China and Pakistan.
• Canada, Ireland and Norway are vying for two seats in the Western Europe and other countries category.
• Mexico is the only candidate for the one Latin America and Caribbean
• Kenya and Djibouti will contest the seat available for the African group.
• India has been elected as a non-permanent member of the Council 7 times in the past for the year-

1. 1950–1951,
2. 1967–1968,
3. 1972–1973,
4. 1977–1978,
5. 1984–1985,
6. 1991–1992,
7. 2011–2012.

Why its important for India?

• The 2021–22 term will be critical for India which has been pushing efforts to reform the Security Council and seek permanent membership of the Council.
• Support for India has been increasing with a number of countries advocating that the current UNSC does not represent the geo-political realities of the 21st Century.

1. Samman(respect),
2. Samvad(dialogue),
3. Sahayog(cooperation),
4. Shanti(peace)
5. Samriddhi(prosperity)

• “Through this approach we seek to move towards a new orientation for reformed multilateral systems also known as norms,”he said.

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