Table of Contents
SIKH GURUS
- Guru Nanak Dev (1469-1539) – He was the founder of Sikh Religion.
- Guru Angad (1539-1552) – He started Gurumukhi language that is the writing script Sikh Religion.
- Guru Amardas (1552-1574) – He demolished many social evils like stoppage of child marriage, widow re-marriage etc.
- Guru Ramdas (1574-1581) – He discovered the Amritsar city by contributing 500 villages. Akbar had gifted him these villages
- . Guru Arjan Dev (1581-1606) – He built Golden Temple and also wrote Aadigranth. At last, he was executed by Emperor Jahangir.
- Guru Hargobind (1606-1645) – He placed Akal Takht in the Golden Temple. Guru Har Rai (1645-1661)
- Guru Harikishan (1661-1664) – Many schools were built across the country by the names of Hari Kishan.
- Guru Tegbahadur (1664-1675) – Emperor Aurangzeb sentenced his death. Guru Gobind Singh (1675-1708) – He started Khalsa Panth.
CHAAR SAHIBZ Sahibzada
- Ajit Singh,
- Jujhar Singh
- Jorawar Singh
- Fateh Singh.
BANDA SINGH BAHADUR
- Banda Singh Bahadur (27 October 1670 – 9 June 1716), was a Sikh military commander who established a Sikh state with capital at Lohgarh(Haryana).
- At age 15 he left home to become an ascetic, and was given the name ‘’Madho Das’’. He established a monastery at Nānded, on the bank of the river Godāvarī, where in September 1708 he was visited by, and became a disciple of, Guru Gobind Singh, who gave him the new name of Banda Singh Bahadur after initiating him into the Khalsa.
BAND BAHADUR SINGH
- Armed with the blessing and authority of Guru Gobind Singh, he came to Khanda in Sonipat and assembled a fighting force and led the struggle against the Mughal Empire. His first major action was the sacking of the Mughal provincial capital, Samana, in November 1709. After establishing his authority in Punjab, Banda Singh Bahadur abolished the zamindari system, and granted property rights to the tillers of the land. He was captured by the Mughals and tortured to death in 1715-1716.
SIRHIND
- Chappar Chiri has a special mention in the history of Sikhs as it was the place where one of the most legendary Sikh warriors, Banda Singh Bahadur, gained victory in a decisive battle against the commander of the Mughal army Wazir Khan. This victory led to Khalsa uprising and is seen as one of the most eminent victories by Sikh forces in all times
BATTLE
- The battle of Chappar Chiri was carried out between Khalsa and Mughal forces in May 1710 and it was headed by Banda Singh Bahadur under the banner of Kesari Nishan Sahib. It was for the first time in the history of India that Khalsa republic was established on the land of five rivers, Punjab, after defeating Mughal forces. This was the only battle in a long span of seven centuries that mark the victory of the Indian people and therefore, it is often regarded as the first War of Indian Independence.
AFTERMATH
- Sirhind was a very beautiful and emerging city during the time of war. It had beautiful and big landscaped gardens as well as strong forts, elegant havelis and lofty palaces. All of these were constructed by the Mughals
- . However, after gaining victory in the battle, Sikhs cut down the gardens and destroyed forts, havelis and palaces as it reminded them of tortured sacrifices of the young sons of their 10th guru, Gobind Singh Ji
AFTERMATH
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- Banda Singh Bahadur defeated Wazir Khan in a battle in 1710 to establish the Sikh rule. Fateh Burj was constructed in memory of establishment of Sikh rule in India in 1711. The tower has a height of 328 feet and it stands at the centre of the field where the battle was fought.
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- Banda Singh Bahadur defeated Wazir Khan in a battle in 1710 to establish the Sikh rule. Fateh Burj was constructed in memory of establishment of Sikh rule in India in 1711. The tower has a height of 328 feet and it stands at the centre of the field where the battle was fought.
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