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Why in News

    • On April 1st, China commenced an eight-month long “Bihai 2020” or “Blue Sea 2020” initiative. It is stipulated to last from April 1 to November 30.
  • The campaign is a multi-agency effort between the coastguard and the transport, natural resources, and environment ministries aimed at enhancing marine environmental protection.

Blue Sea 2020

  • The initiative focuses on combating illegal activities in eight key areas Marine engineering construction
  •  Offshore oil exploration
  • Dumping of marine waste
  •  Shipping and related operations

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  •  Sea sand mining and transportation
  •   Marine protected area
  •  Land-based pollution
  •  Marine ecological environment

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Initiative and South China Sea

  •  China has so far released only accounts of recent operations targeting domestic violations.
  • But diplomats and experts in the region believe the directive could be extended to the disputed waters of the South China Sea.
  • They are also worried that China is increasingly likely to find itself in direct conflict with smaller claimant states as it seeks to counter their efforts to develop fishing and energy resources in the region.

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Blue Sea 2020 and Oil Exploration in South China Sea

  • One of the stated aim of Blue Sea 2020 initiative is to crackdown violations in offshore oil exploration and exploitation.
  • China claims more than 80 per cent of the energy-rich South China Sea and has been increasingly assertive in blocking other claimants like Vietnam, the Philippines and Malaysia, from exploiting oil and gas.

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Example: China- Malaysia

  • The China- Malaysia conflict has been simmering in recent months over Malaysia’s attempts at energy exploration in the South China Sea area.
  • China expressed its opposition by deploying the government research ship Haiyang Dizhi 8 together with coastguard vessels to follow a drillship contracted to Malaysia’s state-owned Petronas that was operating within Malaysia’s exclusive economic zone.

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Example: China and Vietnam

  • In May 2019, Vietnam with Russian state-owned oil company Rosneft started to look for oil and gas in Vanguard Bank, the westernmost reef in the resource-rich Spratly Islands.
  • In response China sent vessels, including the survey ship Haiyang Dizhi 8, to Vanguard Bank in a move analysts said was designed to block Vietnam’s work.

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China and Vietnam

  • The Vietnamese foreign ministry said it would protect its sovereign rights to explore oil in its EEZ.

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Blue Sea Initiative and Sea Lanes

  • Another objective of this initiative is to combat illegal activities in shipping and related operations.
  • Economies of South East Asian countries heavily depend on ports and free movement of goods and services through trade lanes in South China Sea.

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  • China can use Blue Sea 2020 initiative to target oil exploration site of ASEAN countries and control the shipping lanes passing through South China Sea.

 

 
 

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