Table of Contents
- The Green Revolution is referred to as the process of increasing agricultural production by incorporating modern tools and techniques. Green Revolution is associated with agricultural production. It is the period when agriculture of the country was converted into an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and techniques.
- Three basic elements of Green Revolution, that are:
- Using seeds with improved genetics (High Yielding Variety seeds).
- Double cropping in the existing farmland and,
- The continuing expansion of farming areas
- In 1960s, the average national yield of wheat was very low as compared to the wheat yields of agriculturally advanced countries.
- MS Swaminathan, former Director General of ICAR (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) stressed the need for reorientation of the entire breeding programme of tall varieties.
- On the request of Indian breeders Norman E. Borlaug was invited from Mexico in 1963 by the Government of India to assess the possibilities of using dwarf varieties in India.
Use of Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides
- Improvement in Agricultural techniques
- Increased Irrigation
How about Second Green Revolution
- Improving agricultural production while generating gainful self-employment for the small farmers and weaker sections of the society.
- Scaling up food production without disturbing the ecological balance.
Objectives of BGREI
- Harness the water potential for enhancing agriculture production in Eastern India which was hitherto underutilized.
- Yield maximization of rice and wheat per unit area by improving agronomy, water harvesting and conservation; and water utilization.
- Promotion of recommended agriculture technologies.
Impact of Green Revolution.
- Increased Agricultural Production.
- increased per Acre yield.
- India reached its way to self-sufficiency and was less dependent on imports.
- Rise in rural employment
- Farmers not only survived but also prospered
Gloomy Side
- Inadequate irrigation cove
- Regional inequalities.
- Inequalities between large and small scale farmers.
- Schemes Under Green Revolution
- MIDH – Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture
- NFSM – National Food Security Mission
- NMSA – National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture
- SMAE – Submission on Agriculture Extension
- SMSP – Sub-Mission on Seeds and Planting Material
- SMAM – Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanisation
- SMPPQ – Sub Mission on Plant Protection and Plan Quarantine
- ISACES – Integrated Scheme on Agriculture Census, Economics, and Statistics
- ISAC – Integrated Scheme on Agricultural Cooperation
- ISAM – Integrated Scheme on Agricultural Marketing
- And, NeGP-A – National e-Governance Plan
- The Green Revolution within India led to an increase in agricultural production, especially in Haryana, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh but it had a gloomy side too. Critically analyse (250 words)
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