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Table of Contents
ARAB WORLD
• Arab League – is a regional organization of Arab states in and around North Africa, the Horn of Africa and Arabia.
• Administrative center – Cairo, Egypt
WATER SCARCITY
• Egypt main water resource is the river Nile where 99% of the Egyptian population are concentrated along the river banks.
• Nile River is commonly regarded as the longest river in the world
• The Nile, which is 6,853 km (4,258 miles) long, is an “international” river as its drainage basin covers eleven countries, namely, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, the Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Ethiopia, Eritrea, South Sudan, Republic of the Sudan and Egypt
•In Africa, War Over Water Looms As Ethiopia Nears Completion Of Nile River Dam
• Ethiopia sees the dam as the key to its economic future, but its neighbour to the north, Egypt, fears the dam could spell doom for its water supply
ETHIOPIAN DAM
•The $4 billion Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam would tower over 500 feet and will generate more than three times the amount of energy produced by the Hoover Dam in the U.S.
•When completed, it will be the largest dam in Africa and will generate up to 6,450 megawatts of energy.
EGYPT TIMELINE
• circa 7000 BC – Settlement of Nile Valley begins.
• circa 3000 BC – Kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt unite. Successive dynasties witness flourishing trade, prosperity and the development of great cultural traditions. Writing, including hieroglyphics, is used as an instrument of state. Construction of the pyramids – around 2,500 BC – is a formidable engineering achievement.
MESOPOTAMIA
•669 BC – Assyrians from Mesopotamia conquer and rule Egypt.
332 BC ALEXANDER THE GREAT
• 332 BC – Alexander the Great, of ancient Macedonia, conquers Egypt, founds Alexandria. A Macedonian dynasty rules until 31 BC
31 BC – ROMAN RULE
• 31 BC – Egypt comes under Roman rule; Queen Cleopatra commits suicide after Octavian’s army defeats her forces.
642 – ARAB CONQUEST
• 642 – Arab conquest of Egypt.
OTTOMAN EMPIRE
1517 – Egypt absorbed into the Turkish Ottoman empire.
SUEZ CANAL BUILT
• 1859-69 – Suez Canal built, but it and other infrastructure projects near-bankrupt Egypt and lead to gradual British takeover.
• 1882 – British troops defeat Egyptian army and take control of country.
• 1914 – Egypt formally becomes a British protectorate.
WHY DIDN’T EGYPT JOIN THE COMMONWEALTH LIKE OTHER STATES WHO
WERE UNDER BRITISH OCCUPATION?
• Former British protectorates and mandates that did not become members of the Commonwealth are Egypt (independent in 1922), Iraq (1932), Transjordan (1946), British
Palestine (part of which became the state of Israel in 1948), Sudan (1956), British Somaliland (which united with the former Italian Somaliland in 1960 to form the Somali Republic), Kuwait (1961), Bahrain (1971), Oman (1971), Qatar (1971), and the United Arab Emirates (1971)
INDEPENDENCE
•Independence from United Kingdom – 28 February 1922
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BORDERS WITH
BORDERS WITH
•Egypt borders Libya to the west, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, and Sudan to the
south
MOUNT CATHERINE
•Mount Catherine is the highest mountain in Egypt.
EGYPT
• Currency – Egyptian pound
EGYPT–INDIA RELATIONS
•In 1955, Egypt under Gamal Abdel Nasser and India under Jawaharlal Nehru became the founders of the Non-Aligned Movement.
•India supported Egypt During Arab- Israeli war
NOTES
•There are Indian investments with over USD 3 billion in Egypt.
•India is the sixth largest trading partner of Egypt. India’s imports from Egypt were worth $1.74
billion during the 2014-15.
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