Table of Contents
UPSC GS Paper 3
Science&Technology
Science Current affiars
Gaganyaan Mission
Gaganyaan
- Gaganyaan will be India’s first manned mission to space.
- Gaganyaan is a Rs. 10000 cr which initially envisaged to send a three-member crew to space for five to seven days by 2022 (Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav).
- It has been delayed due to the Covid-19 induced lockdown. Now its has been planned to launch the final module by 2023.
- Gaganyaan mission will see three flights sent into orbit (Two unmanned flights and one human spaceflight). It will circle Earth at a low-earth-orbit at an altitude of 300-400 km from earth for 5-7 days.
- The Orbital Module will have three Indian astronauts, including a woman.
Gaganyaan
Gaganyaan
- Gaganyaan Launch Vehicle Mark -III
- First Stage HS-200 – Solid Propellent booster
- Second-stage L110-G loaded with liquid propellant
- Third stage C25-G with cryogenic propellant
Tundra Satellite System
Tundra Satellite System
- In November 2021, Russia successfully placed into orbit a military satellite.
- The satellite is believed to be a Tundra Satellite, part of Russia’s early warning anti-missile system named Kupol or dome.
Tundra Satellite System
- TSS or Kupol is a Russia programme of early warning satellites .
- The satellites are designed to identify any possible future ballistic missile launches even from outer space.
- Kupol would give advance notice of a nuclear attack and would provide information to the Russian missile defence systems which protects Moscow, as well as other Russian missile defense and counterattack resources.
- Six satellites are planned to be in orbit. As of February 2022, there are five in service.
Tundra Satellite System
Indian Missile Defence
S-400
S-400
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