Operation Serval – World History – Free PDF Download

BACKGROUND

• In January 2012, following an influx of weapons that occurred after the Libyan Civil War, Tuareg tribesmen of the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) began a rebellion against Mali’s central government.
• In April, the MNLA said it had accomplished its goals and called off its offensive against the government, proclaiming the independence of Azawad.
•  In June 2012, the MNLA came into conflict with the Islamist groups Ansar Dine and the Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa (MOJWA), after the Islamists began imposing Sharia in Azawad.

FRENCH ASSISTANCE

• The government of Mali asked for foreign military help to re-take the north. On 11 January 2013, the French military began operations against the Islamists
• A peace deal between the government and Tuareg rebels was signed on 18 June 2013,however on 26 September 2013 the rebels pulled out of the peace agreement and claimed that the government had not respected its commitments to the truce.

BATTLES

• The operation began on January 11, 2013, with French Army Gazelle helicopters armed with 20 mm cannons from the 4th Special Forces Helicopter Regiment attacking a rebel column near Sévaré.
• By January 12, hundreds of French troops were involved in the military operation in Mali.

VICTORY

• French airstrikes appeared to stop the rebel advance to the south which prompted the intervention and destroyed an Ansar Dine command post near Konna.
•  On May 25, 2013, French forces began their first stage of withdrawal.

AFTERMATH

• A peace deal between the government and Tuareg rebels was signed on 18 June 2013, however on 26 September 2013 the rebels pulled out of the peace agreement and claimed that the government had not respected its commitments to the truce.
•  Fighting is still ongoing even though French forces are scheduled for withdrawal.A ceasefire agreement was signed on 19 February 2015 in Algiers, Algeria, but sporadic terrorist attacks still occur. Despite the signing of a peace accord in the capital on 15 April 2015, low-level fighting continues

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