Daily Quiz for UPSC Prelims Exam 2023 | 19th August, 2022 – UPSC 2023

Q.) Consider the following statements:

1. Under Article 72 of the Constitution, the Governor of a state possesses the pardoning power.
2. The advice of the state cabinet is binding on the Governor in matters relating to commutation /remission of sentences under Article 161.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

Q.) निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें:

1. संविधान के अनुच्छेद 72 के तहत, किसी राज्य के राज्यपाल के पास क्षमादान की शक्ति होती है।
2. अनुच्छेद 161 के तहत सजा के रूपान्तरण/छूट से संबंधित मामलों में राज्य मंत्रिमंडल की सलाह राज्यपाल के लिए बाध्यकारी है।

उपरोक्त में से कौन सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

1. केवल 1
2. केवल 2
3. दोनों 1 और 2
4. न तो 1 और न ही 2

Answer – 2

Article 161 of the Constitution:

• • Under Article 161 of the Constitution, the Governor of a state possesses the pardoning power.
  • A Governor can grant pardons, reprieves, respites and remissions of punishment or suspend, remit and commute the sentence of any person convicted of any offence against a state law.
  • The advice of the state cabinet is binding on the Governor in matters relating to commutation /remission of sentences under Article 161.
  • Also, the orders passed by the Governor, under Article 161, can be subjected to judicial review.

Q.) With reference to Ondiveeran Pagadai, consider the following statements:

1. The Government of India authorized a commemorative postal stamp for freedom fighter Ondiveeran.
2. He was an Indian commander-in-chief who fought against the British East India Company in Tamil Nadu.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

Q.) ओंदिवीरन पगडाई के संदर्भ में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिएः

1. भारत सरकार ने स्वतंत्रता सेनानी ओंदिवीरन के लिए एक स्मारक डाक टिकट अधिकृत किया।
2. वह एक भारतीय कमांडर–इन–चीफ थे जिन्होंने तमिलनाडु में ब्रिटिश ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी के खिलाफ लड़ाई लड़ी थी।

ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन–सा/से सही है/हैं?

1. केवल 1
2. केवल 2
3. दोनों 1 और 2
4. न तो 1 और न ही 2

Answer – 3

• Minister of State for Information and Broadcasting Dr L Murugan has expressed his gratitude to Communications Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw for authorizing a commemorative postal stamp for freedom fighter Ondiveeran. The stamp will be released on 20th August in Tirunelveli in Tamil Nadu.
  • Ondiveeran Pagadai (or Ondi Veeran) (died 20 August 1771) was an Indian commander-in-chief who fought against the British East India Company in Tamil Nadu.
  • Ondiveeran came from the Arunthathiyar community and is viewed by them as a hero.

Q.) Consider the following statement regarding Emergency Credit Line Guarantee Scheme (ECLGS)

1. Scheme was started in year 2020.
2. 100% guarantee coverage is being provided by the National Credit Guarantee Trustee Company, whereas Banks and Non Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) provide loans.

Which of the above statements is/are Incorrect?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

Q.) आपातकालीन क्रेडिट लाइन गारंटी योजना (ईसीएलजीएस) के संबंध में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार करें

1. योजना वर्ष 2020 में शुरू की गई थी।
2. नेशनल क्रेडिट गारंटी ट्रस्टी कंपनी द्वारा 100% गारंटी कवरेज प्रदान की जा रही है, जबकि बैंक और गैर–बैंकिंग वित्तीय कंपनियां (एनबीएफसी) ऋण प्रदान करती हैं।

उपरोक्त में से कौन सा/से कथन ग़लत है/हैं?

1. केवल 1
2. केवल 2
3. दोनों 1 और 2
4. न तो 1 और न ही 2

Answer – 4

• The Union Cabinet on Wednesday approved an enhancement of ₹50,000 crore in the Emergency Credit Line Guarantee Scheme (ECLGS), raising its limit to ₹5 lakh crore, with the additional amount set to be deployed for enterprises in the hospitality and related sectors that were hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic.

About the scheme:

• The scheme was launched as part of the Aatmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan package announced in May 2020 to mitigate the distress caused by coronavirus-induced lockdown, by providing credit to different sectors, especially Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs).
  • 100% guarantee coverage is being provided by the National Credit Guarantee Trustee Company, whereas Banks and Non Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) provide loans.
  • The credit will be provided in the form of a Guaranteed Emergency Credit Line (GECL) facility.
  • Eligibility: Borrowers with credit outstanding up to Rs. 50 crore as on 29^th February, 2020, and with an annual turnover of up to Rs. 250 crore are eligible under the Scheme.
  • On 1^st August, the government widened the scope of the Rs. 3 lakh crore-ECLGS scheme by doubling the upper ceiling of loans outstanding and including certain loans given to professionals like doctors, lawyers and chartered accountants for business purposes under its ambit.
  • Tenor of loans provided under the Scheme is four years, including a moratorium of one year on principal repayment.
  • Interest rates under the Scheme are capped at 9.25% for Banks and Financial Institutions (FIs), and 14% for NBFCs.

National Credit Guarantee Trustee Company Ltd

• NCGTC is a private limited company incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 in 2014, established by the Department of Financial Services, Ministry of Finance, as a wholly owned company of the Government of India, to act as a common trustee company for multiple credit guarantee funds.
  • Credit guarantee programmes are designed to share the lending risk of the lenders and in turn, facilitate access to finance for the prospective borrowers.

Q.) With reference to the Namaste scheme, consider the following statements:

1. It is a Central Sector Scheme.
2. It is under the Union Ministry of Finance.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

Q.) नमस्ते योजना के संदर्भ में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिएः

1. यह एक केंद्रीय क्षेत्र की योजना है।
2. यह केंद्रीय वित्त मंत्रालय के अधीन है।

ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन–सा/से सही है/हैं?

1. केवल 1
2. केवल 2
3. दोनों 1 और 2
4. न तो 1 और न ही 2

Answer – 1

• Explanation :
  National Action for Mechanised Sanitation Ecosystem (NAMASTE)
• Namaste is a Central Sector Scheme of the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment (MoSJE) as a joint initiative of the MoSJE and the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA).

NAMASTE aims to achieve the following outcomes:

• Zero fatalities in sanitation work in India
• All sanitation work is performed by skilled workers
• No sanitation workers come in direct contact with human faecal matter
• Sanitation workers are collectivized into SHGs and are empowered to run sanitation enterprises
• All Sewer and Septic tank sanitation workers (SSWs) have access to alternative livelihoods
• Strengthened supervisory and monitoring systems at national, state and ULB levels to ensure enforcement and monitoring of safe sanitation work
• Increased awareness amongst sanitation services seekers (individuals and institutions) to seek services from registered and skilled sanitation workers

Q.) Consider the following statement:

1. Sea ice and snow have high albedo.
2. Over the past 30 years, the Arctic has warmed at roughly twice the rate as the entire globe, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

Q.) निम्नलिखित कथन पर विचार करें:

1. समुद्री बर्फ और बर्फ में उच्च एल्बिडो होता है।
2. पिछले 30 वर्षों में, आर्कटिक पूरे विश्व की तुलना में लगभग दोगुनी दर से गर्म हुआ है, एक घटना जिसे आर्कटिक प्रवर्धन के रूप में जाना जाता है।

उपरोक्त में से कौन सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

1. केवल 1
2. केवल 2
3. दोनों 1 और 2
4. न तो 1 और न ही 2

Answer – 3

What is Arctic amplification? What causes it?

• Global warming, the long-term heating of the earth’s surface, hastened due to anthropogenic forces or human activities since pre-industrial times and has increased the planet’s average temperature by 1.1 degrees Celsius.
• While changes are witnessed across the planet, any change in the surface air temperature and the net radiation balance tend to produce larger changes at the north and south poles.
• This phenomenon is known as polar amplification; these changes are more pronounced at the northern latitudes and are known as the Arctic amplification.
• Sea ice and snow have high albedo (measure of reflectivity of the surface), implying that they are capable of reflecting most of the solar radiation as opposed to water and land.
• In the Arctic’s case, global warming is resulting in diminishing sea ice. As the sea ice melts, the Arctic Ocean will be more capable of absorbing solar radiation, thereby driving the amplification.
• The lapse rate or the rate at which the temperature drops with elevation decreases with warming. Studies show that the ice-albedo feedback and the lapse rate feedback are responsible for 40% and 15% of polar amplification respectively.

Q.) With reference to the Ethanol, consider the following statements:

1. It is an agricultural by-product which is mainly obtained from the processing of sugar from sugarcane, but also from other sources such as rice husk or maize.
2. Ethanol blending is the process of combining ethanol and petrol to use less fossil fuel while driving a vehicle.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

Q.) एथेनॉल के संदर्भ में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिएः

1. यह एक कृषि उप–उत्पाद है जो मुख्य रूप से गन्ने से चीनी के प्रसंस्करण से प्राप्त होता है, लेकिन अन्य स्रोतों जैसे चावल की भूसी या मक्का से भी प्राप्त होता है।
2. इथेनॉल सम्मिश्रण वाहन चलाते समय कम जीवाश्म ईंधन का उपयोग करने के लिए इथेनॉल और पेट्रोल के संयोजन की प्रक्रिया है।

ऊपर दिए गए कथनों में से कौन–सा/से सही है/हैं?

1. केवल 1
2. केवल 2
3. दोनों 1 और 2
4. न तो 1 और न ही 2

Answer – 3

Explanation:

• • Ethanol is an agricultural by-product which is mainly obtained from the processing of sugar from sugarcane, but also from other sources such as rice husk or maize.
  • Since ethanol is produced from plants that harness the power of the sun, it is also considered as renewable fuel.
  • In India, ethanol is mainly produced from sugarcane molasses by fermentation process.
  • Ethanol blending is the process of combining ethanol and petrol to use less fossil fuel while driving a vehicle.
  • To supplement ethanol supplies, the Government of India has permitted the procurement of ethanol produced from sources other than molasses, which is known as first generation ethanol or 1G.
  • Aside from molasses, ethanol can be derived from rice straw, wheat straw, maize cobs, corn stover, bagasse, bamboo and woody biomass, which are known as second generation ethanol sources or 2G.

Q.) Kawas Solar PV Project is located in which of the following state?  (UPSC prelims exam)

1. Assam
2. Rajasthan
3. Gujarat
4. Karnataka

Q.) कावास सोलर पीवी प्रोजेक्ट निम्नलिखित में से किस राज्य में स्थित है?

1. असम
2. राजस्थान
3. गुजरात
4. कर्नाटक

Answer – 3

NTPC Limited, India’s largest integrated energy company achieved 69454 MW of group installed and commercial capacity with the commissioning of 56 MW Kawas Solar PV Project at NTPC Kawas, Gujarat on 15.08.2022.

• NTPC is steadily lowering its carbon footprint by reducing greenhouse gas emissions through the installation of renewable energy projects in its existing stations as well as putting up green field RE projects.
• The Company has planned 262 MW floating solar on over 1300 acres of its reservoir area by installing over 9,50,000 PV modules at its various stations out of which 242 Mega Watt has been commissioned.
• This includes the country’s largest floating solar of 100 MW at Ramagundam in Telangana, 92 MW at Kayamkulam in Kerala, and 25 MW each at Simhadri, Andhra Pradesh, and Kawas in Gujarat.

Q.) With reference to the Space Kidz India, consider the following statements:

1. Space Kidz India is an organization creating ‘young scientists for the country and spreading awareness among children for a borderless world.’
2. The organization recently launched a satellite into High Earth Orbit.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2

Q.) स्पेस किड्ज इंडिया के संदर्भ में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिएः

1. स्पेस किड्ज इंडिया एक संगठन है जो ‘देश के लिए युवा वैज्ञानिकों का निर्माण करता है और एक सीमाहीन दुनिया के लिए बच्चों में जागरूकता फैलाता है।‘
2. संगठन ने हाल ही में एक उपग्रह को हाई अर्थ ऑर्बिट में लॉन्च किया है।

उपरोक्त में से कौन सा/से कथन सही है/हैं?

1. केवल 1
2. केवल 2
3. दोनों 1 और 2
4. न तो 1 और न ही 2

Answer – 1

Explanation :

Space Kidz India unfurled the Indian flag about 30 kilometres above the planet on Independence Day.

• • The flag was sent to an altitude of 1 lakh 6 thousand feet above the planet on a balloon that unfurled it.
  • The event was part of the Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav slogan and under the Har Ghar Tiranga campaign launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi to celebrate the historic anniversary.
  • Space Kidz India is an organization creating ‘young scientists for the country and spreading awareness among children for a borderless world.’
  • The organization recently launched a satellite into Low Earth Orbit. AzadiSAT was developed by 750 girl students from across India to mark the 75 years of Independence.

Q.) Which one of the following suggested that the Governor should be an imminent person from outside the State and should be a detached figure without intense political links or should not have taken part in politics in the recent past?

• First Administrative Reforms Commission (1966)
• Rajamannar Committee (1969)
• Sarkaria Commission (1983)
• National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution (2000)

निम्नलिखित में से किसने सुझाव दिया कि राज्यपाल को राज्य के बाहर से एक आसन्न व्यक्ति होना चाहिए और तीव्र राजनीतिक संबंधों के बिना एक अलग व्यक्ति होना चाहिए या हाल के दिनों में राजनीति में भाग नहीं लेना चाहिए था?

1. प्रथम प्रशासनिक सुधार आयोग (1966)
2. राजमन्नार समिति (1969)
3. सरकारिया आयोग (1983)
4. संविधान के कामकाज की समीक्षा के लिए राष्ट्रीय आयोग (2000)

 

Answer – 3

Sarkaria Commission Report (1988)

• Recommendation on appointment of Governor:
• Governor should be an eminent person and not belong to the state where he is to be posted.
• State chief minister should have a say in the appointment of governor o Governor should be a detached figure without intense political links or should not have taken part in politics in recent past.
• Hence, Statement (c) is correct.
• Governor should not be a member of the ruling party.

 

Q.) Which of the following adopted a law on data protection and privacy for its citizens known as ‘General Data Protection Regulation’ in April 2016 and started implementation of its from 25th May, 2018?

• Australia
• Canada
• The European Union
• The United States of America

Q.) निम्नलिखित में से किसने अप्रैल 2016 में अपने नागरिकों के लिए डेटा संरक्षण और गोपनीयता पर ‘सामान्य डेटा संरक्षण विनियमन‘ के रूप में जाना जाने वाला कानून अपनाया और 25 मई, 2018 से इसका कार्यान्वयन शुरू किया?

1. ऑस्ट्रेलिया
2. कनाडा
3. यूरोपियन संघटन
4. संयुक्त राज्य अमरीका

 

Answer – 3

General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) aims to protect all European Union (EU) citizens from data breaches.

The regulation, which was approved by the EU Parliament in April 2016 after about four years of preparation and debate, came into effect on May 25, 2018.

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