General Studies Paper 1

  • Decline of Harappan Civilization, Causes, Associated Theories

    Decline of Harappan Civilization From 3300 to 1300 BCE, the Harappan Civilization—also called the Indus River Valley Civilization—ran across what is now northeast Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northwest India. There is debate among scholars regarding the factors that led to the...


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    Last updated on July 3rd, 2023 12:37 pm
  • Chalcolithic Age, History, Feature, Culture, Art and Limitations

    Chalcolithic Age The Chalcolithic Period, also known as the Copper Age, Eneolithic, or Aeneolithic, is a historical era that is now included in the Neolithic time. Around the time of the Chalcolithic period, people started using metal and stone weapons....


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    Last updated on July 3rd, 2023 12:37 pm
  • Jainism History, Founder, Teachings, Sects, Doctrine, Symbol

    Jainism Lord Mahavira's promotion of Jainism in the sixth century B.C. helped the faith gain popularity. The term "Jain" comes from the word "Conqueror," jina or jaina. There were 24 Tirthankaras (masters), and Rishabhanath or Rishabhadev was the first Tirthankara....


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    Last updated on July 3rd, 2023 12:37 pm
  • Buddhism History, Origin, Sect, Councils, Teachings of Buddha

    Buddhism Buddha or Buddhism, the four noble truths, the eight-fold path to enlightenment, and the middle path of life are all part of the Buddha's teachings. 'Buddha' is a word that refers to 'the enlightened one. The well-established and followed...


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    Last updated on July 3rd, 2023 12:38 pm
  • Harshavardhana Dynasty, History, Administration, Pushyabhuti Dynasty Reign

    Harshavardhana Dynasty Harshavardhana governed Northern India from 606 to 647 CE. In the seventh century AD, one of the most significant Indian kings was Harshavardhana, a member of the Vardhana family. He created a vast kingdom that covered all of...


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    Last updated on July 3rd, 2023 12:40 pm
  • South Indian Dynasties List, History, Map, Timeline, Capital

    South Indian Dynasties The term "South India Dynasties" refers to the various dynasties and kingdoms that dominated the southern part of the Indian subcontinent, mainly the area south of the Vindhyas, although some of them also expanded into the northern...


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    Last updated on July 3rd, 2023 12:40 pm
  • Second Battle of Panipat, History, Reasons, Events & Result

    Second Battle of Panipat The Second Battle of Panipat took place on November 5, 1556, between the forces of the Emperor of North India, Hemu, and the Mughal Emperor Akbar. The second battle of Panipat was a watershed moment in...


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    Last updated on July 3rd, 2023 12:40 pm
  • Sangam Literature, History, Major Works and Significance

    Sangam Literature Sangam Literature, also known as "the poetry of the noble ones," refers to the ancient Tamil language and is the earliest known literature from South India. The oldest available Tamil literature is Sangam literature. The Sangam Period is...


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    Last updated on July 3rd, 2023 12:41 pm
  • Maratha Empire, History, Rise, Decline, Maratha Kingdom Kings

    Maratha Empire The Maratha Empire, which was the most powerful of the successor nations, posed the greatest threat to the waning Mughal power. In actuality, it was the only entity strong enough to fill the political void left by the...


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    Last updated on September 9th, 2023 02:38 pm
  • Third Battle of Panipat, History, Causes, Result, Consequences

    Third Battle of Panipat Read all about the Third Battle of Panipat for UPSC. The Maratha Empire's northern invasion force and a coalition led by Ahmad Shah Durrani, King of Afghanistan, and two Indian Muslim allies—the Rohilla Afghans of the...


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    Last updated on July 3rd, 2023 12:41 pm