What is Quantum Computing

Table of Contents

About Quantum Computing:

Quantum Computing utilizes principles of quantum mechanics to carry out computation.
Properties of Quantum Computing:
- Superimposition: Superposition is the ability of a Quantum Computing system to be in multiple states simultaneously.
- Entanglement: Quantum Computing entanglement is the state where two systems are so strongly correlated that getting information about one system will give immediate information about the other, even if they are far apart.
- Interference: Interference can control quantum states and amplify the signals that go towards the right answer, while signals that are leading to the wrong answer are cancelled.

Increase processing speed: Compared to classical computers, including super computers, Quantum Computing can process information faster.
Scientific discoveries: Quantum Computer can be used to fasten scientific discoveries of life-saving drugs, and improve supply chains, logistics and the modelling of financial data.
Higher privacy: The security of Quantum Computing is very high. Quantum Computing are difficult to be hacked due to their use of qubits.
Emerging technologies: Quantum Computing have application in emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning due to their faster processing.
Disaster prediction: Quantum Computing can be used to predict disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, droughts etc. through advanced calculation.

Higher cost: The cost of setting of Quantum Computing system is high. It will require a significant support from multinational companies.
Temperature control: Quantum computers dissipate high heat and consume high amount of electric power. They require low temperature for operation.
High error rate: The error rate of Quantum Computing is high in comparison to error rate of conventional computers.

National Mission on Quantum Technologies & Applications (NMQTA): India aims to develop Qantum Computers with highly secured quantum communication, quantum key distribution (QKD), quantum clocks, sensors etc.
Quantum-Enabled Science and Technology (QuEST): Department of Science and Technology will invest to DST to develop infrastructure and facilitate research in the field.
Quantum Frontier mission: The Prime Minister’s Science, Technology and Innovation Advisory Council (PM-STIAC) will promote understanding and control of quantum mechanical systems.
Quantum Computer Simulator Toolkit (QSim): This will help researchers and students to write and debug Quantum Code that is necessary for developing Quantum Algorithms and carry out research in the field.
I-HUB QTF: DST and research groups from IISER have launched I-HUB Quantum Technology Foundation (I-HUB QTF) to develop quantum technology.
MeitY has collaborated with Amazon Web Services (AWS) to establish a Quantum Computing Applications Lab to facilitate quantum computing-led research and development.